Could my Overweight Pet have a thyroid Problem?
he news media has recently been talking about hypothyroidism in people. My dog and cat are overweight. Could they have a thyroid problem?
Thyroid problems do occur in dogs and cats. Dogs can develop underactive thyroid function (hypothyroidism), whereas cats may develop overactive thyroid function (hyperthyroidism). The thyroid gland, located next to the trachea (wind pipe), produces hormones needed for growth and metabolism. Dysfunction of the gland affects all of the body's organ systems.
Canine hypothyroidism affects all breeds, mixed and pure, although some breeds are more commonly affected than others. Typically, the problem shows up at about 3-8 years of age, although a congenital form of the disease can occur in some puppies.
The most common clinical signs of hypothyroidism are weight gain (despite normal food intake), cold intolerance, lethargy and abnormalities of the skin and haircoat. Dry skin, dull haircoat, hair loss on both sides of the body, slow regrowth after being shaved and increased problems with infections (bacteria, yeast) are common. Heart, muscle, gastrointestinal, eye and reproductive problems also can be associated with the disease. Since weight gain is not conclusive for thyroid problems, your dog should be examined by your veterinarian. He/She may obtain a blood sample to evaluate your dog's blood thyroid hormone levels. Treatment involves life-long daily doses of a hormonal supplement. Owners often are surprised to see how alert and active their pets are after just one to three weeks of treatment. Weight loss and improvement of skin conditions may take longer. Treatment usually continues for eight weeks before a response is evaluated. Follow-up includes visits to the veterinarian and blood work.
Feline hyperthyroidism usually affects older cats. Common clinical signs include weight loss with good or increased appetite. As the disease progresses, some cats may stop eating and some may become more nervous or aggressive. Vomiting and other gastrointestinal disorders, heart abnormalities (sometimes a very elevated heart rate) and bone changes are seen. These signs also are associated with other older cat diseases, so diagnostic blood work is essential. High thyroid hormone levels in the blood are evident. Treatment is more complicated for cats than it is for canine hypothyroidism. Choices involve anti-thyroid medication, radioactive iodine treatment and surgery. Follow-up evaluation and testing are essential.
Thyroid disease in your overweight cat is unlikely, but have him examined. Obesity by itself is related to health problems. Your veterinarian can discuss these with you and even work out a weight loss plan.
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